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Types of Lung Disease You Need to Know

Often experience shortness of breath, prolonged cough, or the sound of breathing sound (wheezing) can be a sign of problems in the lungs. What are the common types of lung disease? Check out the following article so you can anticipate it. The lungs are one of the organs that play an important role in carrying out the respiratory system (breathing). When air reaches the lungs, there will be an exchange between oxygen from outside the body and carbon dioxide from the blood. If the lungs experience interference, then this process will also be disrupted.

Types of Lung Disease

The following are various diseases that can attack the lungs:

1. Pneumonia

Pneumonia is an infection that causes the air sacs in the lungs to become inflamed and swollen. Pneumonia is often called a wet lung, because in this condition, the lungs can be filled with fluid or pus. The cause of pneumonia is a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection. Transmission of this infection occurs through germ-contaminated air from sufferers who sneeze or cough.

2. Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is a lung disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium not only attacks the lungs, but can also spread to other parts of the body, such as bones, lymph nodes, central nervous system, and kidneys. TB bacteria spread in the air through sputum splashes or fluids from the respiratory tract of sufferers, for example when coughing or sneezing.

3. Bronchitis

Bronchitis is inflammation that occurs in the branching of the airways leading to the lungs or bronchi. One of the most frequent causes is a viral infection. Viruses that cause bronchitis are usually transmitted from sufferers through sputum sparks that are released. If the sputum is inhaled or swallowed by someone else, the virus will infect the person's bronchial tubes.

4. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is chronic lung inflammation that causes disruption of air flow to and from the lungs. There are two types of disorders that occur in COPD, namely chronic bronchitis and emphysema. In chronic bronchitis, inflammation occurs in the bronchial wall (a channel that carries air to and from the lungs). While in emphysema, inflammation or damage occurs in aveoli (small sacs in the lungs). The main factor that increases the risk of COPD is active long-term exposure to secondhand smoke, both actively and passively. While other risk factors are exposure to dust, fuel smoke, and chemical vapors.

5. Asthma

Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation and constriction of the respiratory tract, causing shortness of breath. Asthma sufferers generally have a more sensitive respiratory tract. When people with asthma are exposed to allergens or triggers, the respiratory tract will be inflamed, swollen, and narrowed. This will make the air flow becomes obstructed. In addition, an increase in phlegm production makes it harder for sufferers to breathe. There are several things that can trigger asthma attacks, such as exposure to dust, cigarette smoke, animal dander, cold air, viruses, and chemicals. That's the kind of lung disease that you need to know and be aware of. If you often experience a prolonged cough, shortness of breath, wheezing (wheezing), or even chest pain, do not hesitate to consult a doctor so that you can be given the right treatment.

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